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152632 résultats

2021

L'écologie des mondes = Ecology of our worlds

Puisées dans les trésors de la littérature mondiale, les citations qui composent cet ouvrage laissent entendre les voix de poètes, de philosophes, de romanciers et d'artistes comme autant de témoignages sur la diversité et la complexité des liens qui, depuis la nuit des temps, unissent les humains à...

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2021

Standard operating procedure for soil electrical conductivity, soil/water, 1:5

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2021

Diagnostics and the neglected tropical diseases roadmap : setting the agenda for 2030

Accurate and reliable diagnostic tools are an essential requirement for neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) programmes. However, the NTD community has historically underinvested in the development and improvement of diagnostic tools, potentially undermining the successes achieved over the last 2...

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2021

Bon vent, mais surtout bonne collecte !

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2021

Defining the Rhizobium leguminosarum species complex

Bacteria currently included in Rhizobium leguminosarum are too diverse to be considered a single species, so we can refer to this as a species complex (the Rlc). We have found 429 publicly available genome sequences that fall within the Rlc and these show that the Rlc is a distinct entity, well...

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2021

Status of the international gravity reference system and frame

The increasing importance of terrestrial gravimetry in monitoring global change processes, in providing a reference for satellite measurements and in applications in metrology necessitates a stable reference system reflecting the measurement accuracy achievable by modern gravimeters. Therefore, over...

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2021

Thiamine fortification strategies in low- and middle-income settings : a review

Thiamine (vitamin B-1) is an essential micronutrient in energy metabolism and cognitive and neurological health. Thiamine deficiency disorders (TDDs) have a range of clinical presentations that result in various morbidities and can be fatal if not promptly recognized and treated, especially in...

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2021

Fish skin pigmentation in aquaculture : the influence of rearing conditions and its neuroendocrine regulation

Skin pigmentation pattern is a species-specific characteristic that depends on the number and the spatial combination of several types of chromatophores. This feature can change during life, for example in the metamorphosis or reproductive cycle, or as a response to biotic and/or abiotic...

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2021

Reliability of animal counts and implications for the interpretation of trends

Population time series analysis is an integral part of conservation biology in the current context of global changes. To quantify changes in population size, wildlife counts only provide estimates because of various sources of error. When unaccounted for, such errors can obscure important ecological...

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2021

Genome skimming resolves the giant clam (Bivalvia : Cardiidae : Tridacninae) tree of life

Giant clams are conspicuous bivalves inhabiting Indo-Pacific reefs. Since Rosewater’s seminal paper in 1965, the number of giant clam species described or resurrected has exactly doubled. The increased number of species reported and accessibility to genetic material of rare or uncommon species...

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2021

Eastern Atlantic deep-water circulation and carbon storage inferred from neodymium and carbon isotopic compositions over the past 1.1 million years

The Mid-Pleistocene transition (MPT; 1200 to 800 thousand years, kyr) is marked by the shift from 41-kyr to 100-kyr interglacial-glacial cyclicity without substantial change in the astronomical forcing. This change in climate response relied on internal feedback processes including interaction...

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2021

Adherence to child feeding practices and child growth : a retrospective cohort analysis in Cambodia

Appropriate feeding in the first 1000 days of a child's life is critical for their health and growth. We determined associations between adherence to age-appropriate feeding practices and child growth in Cambodia. Children (n = 1079) were included in the first follow-up (FU) data analyses and...

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2021

Changes in the equatorial mode of the Tropical Atlantic in terms of the Bjerknes Feedback Index

One of the main modes of sea surface temperature variability in the Tropical Atlantic is the Atlantic Equatorial Mode or Atlantic Nino. The region of largest interannual variability, where the Atlantic Cold Tongue forms, is also a region of consistent biases in climate models. In this study, we...

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2021

Iron homeostasis in host and gut bacteria : a complex interrelationship

Iron deficiency is the most frequent nutritional deficiency in the world with an estimated 1.4 billion people affected. The usual way to fight iron deficiency is iron fortification, but this approach is not always effective and can have undesirable side effects including an increase in the growth...

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2021

Consistent seismic event location and subsurface parameters inversion through slope tomography : a variable-projection approach

We revisit the hypocentre-velocity problem, which is of interest in different fields as for example microseismics and seismology. We develop a formulation based on kinematic migration of two picked kinematic attributes in the 2-D case, the traveltime and the slope (horizontal component of the...

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2021

Seasonally stable temperature gradients through supraglacial debris in the Everest region of Nepal, Central Himalaya

Rock debris covers similar to 30% of glacier ablation areas in the Central Himalaya and modifies the impact of atmospheric conditions on mass balance. The thermal properties of supraglacial debris are diurnally variable but remain poorly constrained for monsoon-influenced glaciers over the timescale...

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2021

Dire wolves were the last of an ancient New World canid lineage

Dire wolves are considered to be one of the most common and widespread large carnivores in Pleistocene America(1), yet relatively little is known about their evolution or extinction. Here, to reconstruct the evolutionary history of dire wolves, we sequenced five genomes from sub-fossil remains...

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2021

What theories underpin performance-based financing ? A scoping review

Purpose The study aims to explore the theoretical bases justifying the use of performance-based financing (PBF) in the health sector in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted a scoping review of the literature on PBF so as to identify the theories...

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2021

Improved genetic map identified major QTLs for drought tolerance- and iron deficiency tolerance-related traits in groundnut

A deep understanding of the genetic control of drought tolerance and iron deficiency tolerance is essential to hasten the process of developing improved varieties with higher tolerance through genomics-assisted breeding. In this context, an improved genetic map with 1205 loci was developed spanning...

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2021

A timed tally counter for microscopic examination of thick blood smears in malaria studies

Background Despite many technological advances for malaria parasite detection (e.g. high resolution image acquisition), microscopic reading of thick blood smear (TBS) remains the gold standard. Even though available in low technology environment, the microscopy of TBS is slow and time consuming...

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